Chitosan (chitosan) N – chitin, chitin, chitosan and cellulose with similar chemical structures and hydroxyl groups on the cellulose in C2, chitin and chitosan on the C2 a respectively replaced by an amino and acetyl amino, chitin and chitosan has biodegradability, cell affinity and biological effects, such as many unique properties, especially with free amino groups of chitosan, is the only basic polysaccharide in natural polysaccharide.
The amino group in the chitosan molecular structure is more active than the acetyl amino group in the chitin molecule, which makes the polysaccharide have excellent biological function and can conduct chemical modification. Therefore, chitosan is considered as a functional biological material with greater application potential than cellulose.
Chitosan as natural polysaccharide chitin removal of acetyl products, has biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, lipid, and enhance the immune and other physiological functions, widely used in food additives, textile, agriculture, environmental protection, beauty care, cosmetics, antibacterial agent, medical fiber, medical dressings, artificial tissue materials, drug carrier materials, gene transduction, biomedical field, medical absorbable materials, tissue engineering carrier materials, medical and drug development, and many other fields and other daily-use chemical industry.
Chitin is found in the shells of Marine arthropods such as shrimp and crabs, the shells of insects, the membranes of fungi and algae, the shells and bones of mollusks and the cell walls of higher plants. Chitin are widely distributed in nature, only in the fiber, is the second largest natural polymers, chitin biosynthesis of about 10 billion tons per year, is a kind of renewable renewable resources, abundant and an inexhaustible, these natural polymers are mainly distributed in coastal areas, India, Poland, Japan, the United States, Norway and Australia and other countries, chitosan has been commercial production.
A large number of studies on the USES of chitin and its derivatives have shown that chitin and its derivatives have the functions of film formation, spinnability, anticoagulation and promoting wound healing. Therefore, chitin and its derivatives are widely used in many fields such as food, biochemistry, medicine, cosmetics and sewage treatment.
Application in food industry
Chitosan can be used as binder, moisturizer, clarifier, filler, emulsifier, glazing agent and thickening stabilizer in food industry. As functional oligosaccharides, it can lower cholesterol, improve immunity, and enhance the ability of disease resistance and infection resistance, especially strong anti-tumor effect. Because of its rich resources and high application value, it has been widely developed and used. In industry, chitosan is extracted by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis of shrimp skin or crab shell.
Application in daily chemistry
Chitosan is non-toxic, tasteless and bacteriostatic. When it is added into cosmetics, it can improve the film-forming property of the product and has bacteriostatic and moisturizing functions without causing any allergic reaction. Such as the introduction of hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride group in chitosan molecules, the obtained chitosan hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride can enhance the hydration ability of chitosan, improve its hygroscopic and moisturizing efficacy, become a source of rich, good performance of cosmetics moisturizing materials. Add chitosan made of various shampoo, hair care supplies, with easy to comb, hair fluffy, feel plump, hair color bright effect. It is better for fine hair that is easy to break and split. In Europe, the United States, Japan and other countries and regions have more than 100 kinds of daily cosmetics containing chitosan sold.
Applications in the pharmaceutical industry
According to the national pharmacopoeia (part 4), chitosan is used as pharmaceutical excipients, disintegrating agents, thickening agents, etc.
Post time: Apr-17-2020